The nationalist tensions in Europe after 1871 in the Balkans was due to

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Slavs demanding independent states and self-governance

Breaking down of the Ottoman empire

Both 1 and 2

None of the above

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

The nationalist tensions in Europe after 1871 in the Balkans were due to Slavs demanding independent states and self-governance and the breaking down of the Ottoman empire.
The Balkans was the most fundamental source of nationalist tension in Europe after 1871. It was an area of geographical and ethnic diversifications constituting modern-day Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, Serbia, and Montenegro, whose inhabitants were broadly known as the Slavs. A large part of the Balkans was ruled by the Ottoman Empire. When the Ottoman Empire began to break, and its hold over the Balkans was not as strong as before, the Slavs were imbibed with the ideas of nationalism and longed to have a liberal state of their own. This made the circumstances explosive.

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