The number of resonating structures of aniline are:

Aniline is an aromatic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. The nitrogen atom in the amino group (-NH2) has a lone pair of electrons. This lone pair can participate in conjugation with the benzene ring through resonance.

When we talk about the resonating structure of aniline, we are referring to the different ways the electrons can be arranged while maintaining the connectivity of the atoms. The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen interacts with the π-electrons of the benzene ring, creating multiple resonance structures.

Steps to Understand:

1. Conjugation with the Benzene Ring: The lone pair of electrons on nitrogen overlaps with the π-electrons of the benzene ring, leading to resonance.
2. Delocalization: The electrons from the nitrogen atom are delocalized across the benzene ring, forming alternate double bonds in the ring and creating positive and negative charges on specific atoms.
3. Resulting Resonance Structures: This conjugation generates a total of five resonating structures for aniline.

These resonating structures of aniline include forms where:

• The lone pair on nitrogen is donated into the ring.
• Positive charges appear on certain carbon atoms of the benzene ring, while the negative charge is stabilized.

The actual structure of aniline is a hybrid of all these resonating structures of aniline, which makes it more stable than any single structure.

By understanding the resonating structure of aniline, it becomes clear how the lone pair on nitrogen contributes to the aromaticity and reactivity of aniline. This property plays a crucial role in its chemical behavior.