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Q.

The numbers1, 2, 3,…,7 are randomly divided into two non-empty subsets. If the probability of sum of the numbers in the two subsets being equal is pq (p,q are coprime natural numbers) the value of  p+q14 is equal to ____ ([.] denotes greatest integer function).

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answer is 4.

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Detailed Solution

The total number of ways of dividing the seven numbers into two non-empty subsets is 2722=63.Note that since 1+2+3+…+7=28, the sum of the numbers in each of the two groups is 14. Note also that the numbers 5,6,7 cannot be in the same group since 5+6+7=18>14. We consider three separate cases:
Case (i): Only 6 and 7 in the same group and 5 in the other group:
{2,3,4,5},{1,6,7}
Case (ii) : Only 5 and 6 in the same group and 7 in the other group:
{1,2,5,6},{3,4,7}{3,5,6},{1,2,4,7}
Case (iii): Only 5 and 7 in the same group and 6 in the other group:
{2,5,7},{1,3,4,6}
Hence there are 4 such possibilities. Thus the required probability is463 , yielding that p+q=67.
 

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