The plants growing in dark show yellowing of leaves and elongated internodes, this condition is called as:

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Etiolation

Chlorosis

Necrosis

Wilting

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- Etiolation is a process that happens naturally in plants and is just a mechanism for them to reach for more light when they are receiving insufficient amounts.
It is found that seedlings develop rather spindly with an abnormally long, thin, pale stem when seeds are allowed to sprout without adequate sunlight. This is a well-known instance of plant etiolation. It is frequently referred to as plant legginess. Autins are a class of hormones that cause etiolation.
Auxins are actively moved downward from the plant's growing tip, suppressing lateral buds in the process. The proton pumps in the cell wall are typically stimulated, which further increases the wall's acidity and activates expansion, an enzyme that weakens the cell wall. Even though etiolation increases the likelihood that a plant will encounter a light source, it also results in unpleasant symptoms.
Etiolation harms plants by causing abnormal leaf and stem lengthening, weakening cell walls, elongating internodes with fewer leaves than normal, and possibly opening the door for chlorosis.
So, "Etiolation" is the right response.
Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

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