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Q.

The principle of immunisation or vaccination is based on which of the following properties of the immune system?

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a

Production of the antibodies like Ig G, Ig M, Ig E and Ig A by the B lymphocytes.

b

Body's ability to distinguish between ‘self ’ and ‘nonself’ cells.

c

Differentiation of lymphocytes to long-lived immune cells called memory cells.

d

Non-specific type of defence provided by the immune system.

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

The principle of immunisation or vaccination is based on the property of ‘memory’ of the immune system. In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogen or inactivated/weakened pathogen (vaccine) are introduced into the body. The antibodies produced in the body against these antigens would neutralise the pathogenic agents during actual infection. The vaccines also generate memory – B and T-cells that recognise the pathogen quickly on subsequent exposure and overwhelm the
invaders with a massive production of antibodies.

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