The reaction of toluene with Cl ₂ in presence of FeCl₃ gives ‘X’ and the reaction in presence of light gives ‘Y’. Thus, ‘X’ and ‘Y’ are

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X = o – and p – chlorotoluene, Y = trichloromethyl benzene

X = m – chlorotoluene and Y = p – chlorotoluene

X = Benzyl chloride, Y = m – chlorotoluene

X = Benzal chloride, Y = o – chlorotoluene

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

In presence of FeCl₃ and in dark, electrophilic substitution on the benzene ring by Cl⁺ ion at ortho and para positions occurs to give o- and p- chlorotoluene.

Since methyl group activates the ring at ortho and para positions more than meta positions, the electroscopic substitution occurs mostly at these positions.

Hence, X is o- and p- chlorotoluene.

On the other hand, if chlorine reacts with toluene in the absence of a catalyst but in the presence of UV light, substitution happens in the methyl group rather than the ring.