The scientific study of soil is called pedology. It deals with :

i) origin of soil

ii) formation of soil

iii) colour of soil

iv) distribution of soil

The scientific study of soil is called pedology. This field encompasses a comprehensive examination of the soil's origin, how it forms, and its physical and chemical characteristics. Pedology also delves into the processes that create different soil types and the factors influencing their variation over geographic regions.

When conducting the study of soil, pedologists investigate a number of core elements. These include:

• Origin of Soil: Understanding the parent material from which soil develops and the geological processes that contribute to its initial formation.
• Formation of Soil: Exploring the physical, chemical, and biological processes that transform raw material into soil over time. This includes the roles of weathering, organic matter accumulation, and microbial activity.
• Color of Soil: Analyzing the pigments in the soil, such as the presence of organic content, iron oxides, or water saturation, which influence soil color and help in classifying different soil horizons.
• Distribution of Soil: Studying how different types of soil are spread across various landscapes, climates, and ecosystems, as well as the factors that influence these patterns.

In summary, pedology—the scientific study of soil—is called upon to provide vital insights into the formation, characteristics, and distribution of soil. By examining these factors, pedologists contribute to our understanding of how soil supports ecosystems, agriculture, and environmental sustainability.