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The teacher instructed three students ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ respectively to prepare a $50 %$ (mass by volume) solution of sodium hydroxide ( $NaOH$ ). ‘A’ dissolved $50 g$ of $NaOH$ in $100 mL$ of water, ‘B’ dissolved $50 g$ of $NaOH$ in $100 g$ of water ‘C’ dissolved $50 g$ of $NaOH$ in water to make $100 mL$ solution. Which of the following have made the desired solution?

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A, B and C are all equal

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Firstly we calculate mass by volume percentage for student ‘A’
Mass of solute

(NaOH) = 50 g

Total volume of solution = mass of solute + mass of solvent

\Rightarrow 50 + 100

Mass by volume percentage

= \frac{Mass of solute}{volume of solution} \times 100

\Rightarrow \frac{50}{150} \times 100

\Rightarrow 33.33 %

Now we calculate mass by volume percentage for student ‘B’
Mass by volume percentage

= \frac{Mass of solute}{volume of solution} \times 100

According to question student B dissolved

50 g

NaOH

100 g

of water so it will give percentage mass by mass rather than mass by volume percentage.
Now we calculate mass by volume percentage for student ‘C’
Mass of solute

(NaOH) = 50 g

Total volume of solution

= 100 mL

Mass by volume percentage

=

\frac{Mass of solute}{volume of solution} \times 100

\Rightarrow \frac{50}{100} \times 100

\Rightarrow 50 %

So ‘C’ has made the desired solution because

50 %

(mass by volume) solution means

50 g

of solute dissolved in

100 mL

solution.

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