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Q.

The terminal Pd of a cell is equal to its emf if 

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a

internal resistance is zero

b

none

c

external resistance is infinity

d

both 1 and 2

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

V = E + ir = iR 

in a closed circuit with R as an external resistance.

The terminal potential difference of a cell is equal to the emf of the cell (V = E) when:

→ The cell is an open circuit which means i = 0.               

→ The internal resistance of the cell is zero.

→ The load resistance much greater than internal resistance. 

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The terminal Pd of a cell is equal to its emf if