The unmodified allele represents the--------- allele and the modified allele is generally the ------ allele.

The reason why an unmodified allele is typically considered dominant over a modified or recessive allele is due to the functionality of the protein or trait encoded by the allele. In many cases, the dominant allele codes for a functional protein or trait that is expressed in the phenotype, while the recessive allele may code for a non-functional or altered protein that does not contribute to the phenotype when present in a heterozygous individual.