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Q.

The vertical water tank, shown has uniform cross section, closed at the top and initial level of water in it is 4.5 m from bottom. The empty space of length L contains air at atmospheric pressure (105 Pa), that can be considered as an ideal gas. When the valve at the bottom is opened, the level of water decreases by 0.5 m when the flow of water ceases though valve remains opened. Neglecting any variation in temperature during the process, find initial length of empty space L in cm. g=10m/s2; density of water =1000kg/m3

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answer is 75.

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Detailed Solution

Applying Bernoulli’s theorem at point A and
B, when the flow is stopped

Pa+0+0=P+ρg(hl)+0

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Here l is distance by which the water Level has descended. (l=0.5m)

P=Paρg(hl)

As process can be taken as isothermal for air,

Pa(AL)=PA(L+l) LPaP=Pl

L=Paρgh+ρgllρg(hl)

=104[104.5+0.5]0.5104[4.50.5]=0.75m=75cm

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