This process of conversion of sugar into alcohol is known as

The process of converting sugar into alcohol is known as fermentation. During fermentation, microorganisms like yeast metabolize sugars such as glucose and fructose, producing ethanol (alcohol) and carbon dioxide as byproducts. This anaerobic process is fundamental in the production of alcoholic beverages like beer and wine.

Explanation of Options:

1. Freezing: This is a process where a liquid turns into a solid when its temperature is lowered below its freezing point. It is unrelated to the conversion of sugar into alcohol.
2. Fermentation: This is the correct answer. Fermentation is the biochemical process where sugars are converted into alcohol and carbon dioxide by the action of yeast or bacteria.
3. Fragmentation: This refers to the breaking down of a substance into smaller pieces or fragments. It does not pertain to the conversion of sugar into alcohol.
4. None of the above: Since option b) Fermentation is correct, this option is incorrect.

Therefore, the correct choice is b) Fermentation.