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Q.

To avoid the precipitation of hydroxides of Ni2+,Co2+,Mn2+ along with those of the third group cations, the solutions should be: 

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a

concentrated to small volume

b

heated with few drops of concentrated HNO3

c

none of the above

d

boiled with excess of ammonium chloride

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The purpose of the strong electrolyte  NH4Cl is to prevent the ionisation of  NH4OH, lowering the  concentration of OH ions in the solution. However, this is enough to precipitate the basic radicals of the  third group because group III hydroxides have a lower solubility product than group IV, V, and Vi  hydroxides.

Hence, the option B is correct.

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