To generate a pressure gradient to facilitate expiration and inspiration, the human body used the intercostal muscles and

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Alveolar sacs

Bronchi

Primary, secondary and tertiary bronchioles

Diaphragm

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: The diaphragm and intercostal muscles are engaged in breathing. At the base of the chest, there are diaphragms. As we breathe in and out, it constricts and relaxes.
The intercostal muscles and diaphragm of the human body create a pressure gradient to aid inspiration and expiration. The diaphragm is essential for breathing; damage can result in lifelong pain and catastrophic disorders. The air must travel through the pressure gradient from the mouth (or nose) to the pulmonary alveoli. We can estimate the health risk of hazardous particles by looking at how aerosol transport occurs in human lungs.
Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

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