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Q.
Trolley, X moving along a horizontal frictionless track, collides with a stationary trolley Y. The two trolleys become attached and move off together. Which statement about this interaction is correct?
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a
Some of the momentum of trolley X is changed to kinetic energy in the collision
b
Trolley X shares its momentum with trolley Y but some of its kinetic energy is lost
c
Trolley X loses some of its momentum as heat in the collision
d
Some of the kinetic energy of trolley X is changed to momentum in the collision
answer is D.
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Detailed Solution
Determine the type of collision described in the inquiry in order to properly respond to the following query. All of the statements that are presented as choices must be compared once we have looked at the type of collision. This will assist us in determining the right response.
The scenario mentioned in the question is an illustration of an inelastic collision. The answer to the earlier query can be shown as:
A collision in which the kinetic energy is not preserved is referred to as an inelastic collision. This occurs as a result of the internal friction that starts to work. We should be aware, nevertheless, that in the event of an inelastic collision, the body's momentum is conserved.
We may thus draw the following conclusions since the circumstance described in the question is an inelastic collision:
1. The momentum will be kept.
2. Because of the deformation of the bodies colliding, some of the kinetic energy will be lost.
It is stated explicitly in option A that kinetic energy turns into momentum, which is incorrect. Therefore, this assertion is untrue.
Option B makes it apparent that the body's momentum is converted to kinetic energy. The requirements for an inelastic collision are not met by this. Therefore, this assertion is untrue.
Option C mentions the loss of momentum, which is likewise untrue for an inelastic collision. The assertion is thus untrue.
It is noted in option D that Y shares part of the momentum of X. This shows that the momentum is still present. Additionally, the loss of kinetic energy is highlighted. So, this assertion is accurate.
Hence, the correct answer is option D.
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