Two charges $+ 3 .2 \times 10^{- 19} C$ and $- 3 .2 \times 10^{- 19} C$ kept 2.4 $\overset{o}{A}$ apart forms a dipole. If it is kept in uniform electric field of intensity $4 \times 10^{5} volt / m$ then what will be its electrical energy in stable equilibrium

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$+ 3 \times 10^{- 23} J$

$- 3 \times 10^{- 23} J$

$- 6 \times 10^{- 23} J$

$- 2 \times 10^{- 23} J$

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Potential energy of electric dipole

$U = - pEcos θ = - (q \times 2 l) Ecos θ$

$\begin{array}{l} U = - (3 .2 \times 10^{- 19} \times 2 .4 \times 10^{- 10}) 4 \times 10^{5} \cos θ \\ U = - 3 \times 10^{- 23} (approx.) \end{array}$

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