Two conditions for observing a rainbow are: The sun comes out after a rainfall and presence of tiny droplets in the atmosphere.

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Detailed Solution

The above statement is true.
A Rainbow is produced after the rain by reflection, refraction and light dispersion process in droplets of water. The vast collection of rain droplets (optically dense) in the air after rain act as tiny prisms or refractors of light in the air. The role of the prism, in this case, water droplets, is to separate the seven constituent colours of the light. When sunlight falls on the raindrop, it acts as a prism, and the light undergoes dispersion. White light splits into its seven constituent colours, forming a rainbow. Thus, for the formation of a rainbow, the sun must be behind the observer with the presence of raindrops in the atmosphere.

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