Two cross-sections of a stem and root appear simple, when viewed by naked eye. But under microscope, they can be differentiated by

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Exarch condition of root and stem

Endarch condition of stem and root

Endarch condition of root and exarch condition of stem

Endarch conditions of stem and exarch condition of root

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: Meristematic and permanent tissues are the two main types of plant tissues. The tissue that divides and is found in the plant's growing areas is known as meristematic tissue. Meristematic tissues eventually lose the capacity to divide and become permanent tissues. They can be divided into simple tissues and complex tissues.
The primary xylem comes in two varieties. Protoxylem, the primary xylem components that form first, is distinguished from metaxylem, the primary xylem components that form later. The protoxylem and metaxylem are located in the middle (pit) and margins, respectively, of stems. Endarch is the name given to this type of primary xylem.
The metaxylem typically develops later and the protoxylem matures first. Compared to metaxylem cells, protoxylem cells are smaller. Endarch is a term used to describe the growth from the center since the protoxylem matures first. Protoxylem therefore develops in the center, and metaxylem, which matures later, develops in the margin.
Hence, the correct answer is option (4) .

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