Two elements have valency 2 with respect to oxygen are:

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Mg and Ca

Al and Ca

Ca and Ba

Al and Ba

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Two elements have valency 2 with respect to oxygen are Ca and Ba.
Electronic configuration of oxygen= 2, 6
Valency of oxygen = 8-6
= 2
So, oxygen needs to gain 2 electrons from other atoms to attain noble gas configuration.
Electronic configuration of Ca= 2, 8, 8, 2 and Ba= 2, 8, 18, 8, 2.
Valency of Ca and Ba = 2.
So, they need to gain two electrons to attain noble gas configuration.
By losing and gaining of electrons, Ca and Ba form two bonds with oxygen to yield CaO and BaO, respectively.

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