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Q.

Two ferromagnetic materials X and Y have hysteresis curves of the shapes shown (see figure)

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a

X and Y are suitable for making a permanent magnet as well as an electromagnet.

b

X is more suitable for making a permanent magnet while Y is more suitable for making an electromagnet.

c

neither X nor Y is suitable for making either a permanent magnet or an electromagnet

d

X is more suitable for making an electromagnet while Y is more suitable for making a permanent magnet.

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Steel of an alloy Alnico (Al + Ni + Co) is used for making permanent magnets. Hysteresis loss is high. Moreover, coercivity is high and retentivity is low. Soft iron is used for electromagnets. Retentivity is high. Coercivity is low.

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Two ferromagnetic materials X and Y have hysteresis curves of the shapes shown (see figure)