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Q.

Two objects of masses mand 4 m are at rest at an infinite separation. They move towards each other under mutual gravitational attraction. G is the universal gravitational
constant. Then at separation r:

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a

the total energy of the two objects is zero

b

their relative velocity of approach is 10 Gmr1/2  in magnitude.

c

the total kinetic energy of the objects is 4 Gm2r

d

net angular momentum of both the particles is zero about any point

answer is A, B, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

Initially potential and kinetic both energies are zero and from conservation of mechanical energy total enegy of the two objects is zero. Further, decrease in gravitational potential energy = increase in kinetic energy

or  G(m)(4m)r=12μνr2             ...(i)

Here, μ = reduced mass  = (m)(4m)m+4m=4m5

Substituting in eq.(i), we get

νr=relative velocity of approach

           = 10Gmr

From eq.(1) total kinetic energy

          = G(m)(4m)r=4Gm2r

Net torque of two equal and opposite forces acting on two objects is zero about any point. Therefore, angular momentum will remain conserved. Initially both the objects were stationary i.e., angular momentum about any point was zero. Hence, angular momentum of both the particles about any point will be zero at all instants.

 

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