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Q.

Two parallel-plate capacitors are arranged perpendicular to the common axis. The separation ‘d’ between the capacitors is much larger than the separation 'l' between their plates and than their size. The capacitors are charged to q1  and   q2  respectively. The magnitude of force F of interaction between the capacitors is (x)q1q2ly2πε0dz . Find (x + y + z)

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Detailed Solution

Let us consider the case when the capacitors are oriented so that the plates with like charges face each other. The field produced by the first capacitor on the axis at a distance x, from the positive plate is 

Ex=q14πε01x21(x+l)22q1l4πε0x3(x>>l)

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The force acting on the second capacitor situated at a distance d from the first one is

F=q2EdEd+l=2q1q2l4πε01d31(d+l)3

3q1q2l22πε0d4

Alternatively:
We can consider the two capacitors as two short dipoles separated by a relatively large distance.

F=dUdr
U=p2·E1 , where E1  is the electric field due to dipole of dipole moment p1  at the location of dipole of dipole moment  p2

U=(p2i^)·(2Kp1r3i^)=2Kp1p2r3

F=dUdr=3Kp1p22r4  (positive sign indicates repulsive force) 

F=3q1q2l22×4πε0d4               x=3,   y=2,   z=4

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