What are decomposers in a food web in Biology?

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead plants, animals, and waste into simple substances, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

Decomposers include bacteria, fungi, and some insects. They play an important role in the food web by cleaning the environment of dead material and making nutrients available to producers like plants. Without decomposers, ecosystems would be filled with dead matter and nutrients would not be recycled.

Examples of decomposers

• Bacteria – break down organic matter.
• Fungi – decompose wood, leaves, and animal remains.
• Earthworms – improve soil fertility by decomposing organic matter.

Role in food web

• Recycle nutrients back to soil.
• Support growth of producers.
• Maintain balance in ecosystems.