What are fundamental rights and duties?

Fundamental Rights are basic human rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution to all citizens. These rights protect individual freedom and ensure equality before the law. The six fundamental rights include:

1. Right to Equality: Ensures equality before the law and prohibits discrimination based on religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
2. Right to Freedom: Guarantees freedom of speech, expression, assembly, and movement.
3. Right against Exploitation: Prohibits forced labor, child labor, and human trafficking.
4. Right to Freedom of Religion: Provides freedom to practice, profess, and propagate any religion.
5. Cultural and Educational Rights: Protects the rights of minorities to establish educational institutions and conserve their culture.
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies: Allows citizens to approach the courts if any of their rights are violated.

Fundamental Duties, on the other hand, are the moral obligations of all Indian citizens to promote the spirit of patriotism and uphold the unity of the nation. These duties, listed in Article 51A, include:

1. Respecting the Constitution and its ideals.
2. Promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood.
3. Protecting the environment and safeguarding public property.
4. Striving towards excellence in all fields of individual and collective activity.

Both Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties form the cornerstone of India's democratic framework, ensuring a balance between individual freedoms and societal responsibilities.