What are mixtures? Give examples.

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined but not chemically bonded. The components of a mixture can be separated by physical methods.

Characteristics of Mixtures

• No chemical bonding between components.
• Can be separated by simple methods like filtration, evaporation, or distillation.
• Properties of individual components remain unchanged.
• Composition can vary in any proportion.

Types of Mixtures

1. Homogeneous Mixtures: Components are uniformly mixed and cannot be easily distinguished. Example: Salt dissolved in water, air.
2. Heterogeneous Mixtures: Components are not uniformly mixed and can be easily seen. Example: Sand in water, oil in water.

Examples of Mixtures

Everyday Examples

• Tea (water, sugar, milk, tea leaves)
• Air (oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide)
• Sand and gravel mixture