What are Protected forests?

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Forests that produced commercially viable timber

Access to these forests was prohibited

Pastoralists were granted grazing rights in these forests without preconditions

Customary rights were granted to pastoralists subject to severe restrictions on their movements

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Protected forests are the Customary rights granted to pastoralists subject to severe restrictions on their movements.
The Forest Acts in the 19th century were introduced in several provinces by the colonial governments. These acts introduced several restrictions on forest access. The forests were classified into two divisions:

Reserved Forest: These forests contained valuable timber like sal and deodar. The entry of pastoralists was restricted into these forests.

Protected Forests: In these forests, customary rights were provided to the pastoralists to graze their cattle, but their movement was severely restricted. The colonial officers believed that the action of pastoralists would destroy young saplings growing on the forest floor and undermine the growth of forest produce.

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