Salts are chemical compounds formed when an acid reacts with a base, producing a neutral substance and water.In chemistry, a salt is formed through a reaction called neutralization. During this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H⁺) from an acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH⁻) from a base to form water, while the remaining parts of the acid and base combine to form a salt.General ReactionAcid + Base → Salt + WaterExamples of SaltsAcidBaseSalt FormedHydrochloric acid (HCl)Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)Sodium chloride (NaCl)Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)Potassium hydroxide (KOH)Potassium sulphate (K₂SO₄)Nitric acid (HNO₃)Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂)Types of SaltsNormal salts: No hydrogen or hydroxyl ions left (NaCl).Acidic salts: Formed by partial neutralization (NaHSO₄).Basic salts: Contain excess hydroxide ions (MgOHCl).Salts are used in food (table salt), industry, fertilizers, and water purification. They are one of the most important classes of chemical compounds in daily life.

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What Are Salts?

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Detailed Solution

Salts are chemical compounds formed when an acid reacts with a base, producing a neutral substance and water.

In chemistry, a salt is formed through a reaction called neutralization. During this reaction, the hydrogen ions (H⁺) from an acid combine with the hydroxide ions (OH⁻) from a base to form water, while the remaining parts of the acid and base combine to form a salt.

General Reaction

Acid + Base → Salt + Water

Examples of Salts

Acid	Base	Salt Formed
Hydrochloric acid (HCl)	Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)	Sodium chloride (NaCl)
Sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄)	Potassium hydroxide (KOH)	Potassium sulphate (K₂SO₄)
Nitric acid (HNO₃)	Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)	Calcium nitrate (Ca(NO₃)₂)

Types of Salts

Normal salts: No hydrogen or hydroxyl ions left (NaCl).
Acidic salts: Formed by partial neutralization (NaHSO₄).
Basic salts: Contain excess hydroxide ions (MgOHCl).

Salts are used in food (table salt), industry, fertilizers, and water purification. They are one of the most important classes of chemical compounds in daily life.

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