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Q.

What are the basic formulas of trigonometry?

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Detailed Solution

Trigonometry Formulas

Basic Ratios

Formula NameFormulaExample
Sinesin(θ) = opposite/hypotenusesin(30°) = 0.5
Cosinecos(θ) = adjacent/hypotenusecos(60°) = 0.5
Tangenttan(θ) = opposite/adjacenttan(45°) = 1
Cosecantcsc(θ) = 1/sin(θ)csc(30°) = 2
Secantsec(θ) = 1/cos(θ)sec(60°) = 2
Cotangentcot(θ) = 1/tan(θ)cot(45°) = 1

Pythagorean Identities

Formula NameFormulaExample
Primary Identitysin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1sin²(30°) + cos²(30°) = 1
Tangent Identity1 + tan²(θ) = sec²(θ)1 + 1 = 2 for θ=45°
Cotangent Identity1 + cot²(θ) = csc²(θ)1 + 1 = 2 for θ=45°

Angle Sum & Difference

Formula NameFormulaExample
Sin Sumsin(A + B) = sin(A)cos(B) + cos(A)sin(B)sin(90°) = sin(45°+45°)
Sin Differencesin(A - B) = sin(A)cos(B) - cos(A)sin(B)sin(0°) = sin(45°-45°)
Cos Sumcos(A + B) = cos(A)cos(B) - sin(A)sin(B)cos(90°) = cos(45°+45°)
Cos Differencecos(A - B) = cos(A)cos(B) + sin(A)sin(B)cos(0°) = cos(45°-45°)
Tan Sumtan(A + B) = [tan(A) + tan(B)]/[1 - tan(A)tan(B)]tan(90°) = tan(45°+45°)

Double & Half Angles

Formula NameFormulaExample
Sin Doublesin(2θ) = 2sin(θ)cos(θ)sin(60°) = 2sin(30°)cos(30°)
Cos Doublecos(2θ) = cos²(θ) - sin²(θ)cos(60°) = cos²(30°) - sin²(30°)
Tan Doubletan(2θ) = 2tan(θ)/[1 - tan²(θ)]tan(60°) = 2tan(30°)/[1-tan²(30°)]
Sin Halfsin(θ/2) = ±√[(1 - cos(θ))/2]sin(15°) = sin(30°/2)
Cos Halfcos(θ/2) = ±√[(1 + cos(θ))/2]cos(15°) = cos(30°/2)
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