What are the functions of gliding joint and hinge joint

Gliding joints enable bones to slide over one another in different directions on a flat surface, allowing small, precise movements, such as in the wrist and ankle. Hinge joints work like a door hinge, allowing motion in only one plane (back and forth). Examples include the elbow and knee.

Gliding Joint Functions

• Sliding and Gliding: Gliding (or plane) joints let bones move past one another in several directions—up, down, sideways, or diagonally.
• Limited Rotation: Besides sliding, they permit a small degree of rotational movement.
• Examples: Found in the carpal bones of the wrist and tarsal bones of the ankle, where fine, slight movements are required.

Hinge Joint Functions

• One-Way Movement: Hinge joints permit motion in a single plane, restricted to flexion and extension, much like a door hinge.
• Bending and Straightening: They enable the limbs to bend and then return to a straight position.
• Examples: Common hinge joints are found in the elbow, knee, and interphalangeal joints of fingers and toes.