What are the main natural resources of Bihar?

After the separation of Jharkhand in 2000, Bihar lost the majority of its rich mineral deposits. Today, Bihar's main natural resources are its fertile land and abundant water.

Fertile Land (Alluvial Soil):

Bihar's single greatest natural resource is the vast, flat Gangetic plain. This plain is covered with deep, highly fertile alluvial soil, which is replenished by the rivers. This makes the state an agricultural powerhouse.

Water Resources:

Bihar is rich in water, both on the surface and underground.

Surface Water: It has a network of perennial rivers (Ganga, Kosi, Gandak) and seasonal rivers (Son, Falgu).

Groundwater: The alluvial plains hold one of the largest groundwater reserves in India, which is crucial for drinking and irrigation.

Mineral Resources (Limited):

While most minerals went to Jharkhand, Bihar still has some limited reserves, primarily in the southern plateau belt:

• Limestone: Found in the Kaimur and Rohtas districts, supporting a major cement industry.
• Pyrite: Bihar has significant reserves of pyrite (used for sulphur production) in the Rohtas district.
• Mica: Some deposits are found in the Nawada district, bordering the Jharkhand mica belt.
• Other Deposits: Small reserves of bauxite (Munger) and quartz (Jamui) also exist.