What do you understand about sexual reproduction in plants?

Sexual reproduction in plants is the process of forming new plants by fusion of male and female gametes to produce seeds.

In flowering plants, the process happens in flowers, which are the reproductive organs. The male part, called the stamen, produces pollen grains containing male gametes. The female part, called the pistil or carpel, contains the ovary with ovules that hold female gametes. During pollination, pollen is transferred to the stigma. The pollen tube carries the male gamete to the ovule for fertilization. After fertilization, the ovule develops into a seed and the ovary becomes a fruit. This ensures genetic variation and helps plants adapt to changing environments.

Main stages

• Pollination
• Fertilization
• Seed and fruit formation
• Germination