What Do You Understand by the Term Civilisation

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Detailed Solution

A civilisation is a complex human society that has developed cities, culture, government, science, and written language.

The term civilisation comes from the Latin word “civis,” meaning “citizen.” It refers to an advanced stage of human social development and organization. Civilisations mark progress in living standards, architecture, laws, art, and technology.

Major Features of a Civilisation

Urban Development: People live in planned cities or towns.
Government: A system of laws and leaders to manage society.
Writing System: Records and communication through scripts.
Division of Labour: Different people perform specialized jobs.
Culture and Religion: Shared beliefs, traditions, and arts.

Examples of Early Civilisations

Civilisation	Region	Famous Feature
Indus Valley	India and Pakistan	Planned cities and drainage system
Egyptian	Egypt	Pyramids and hieroglyphic writing
Mesopotamian	Iraq region	Early form of writing (Cuneiform)
Chinese	China	Invention of paper and silk