What ecosystem services do forests provide to humans?

Forests are one of nature’s most valuable resources, offering a wide range of ecosystem services that directly and indirectly support human life.

First, forests act as the lungs of the Earth, they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, helping to control global warming and purify the air. They also regulate the water cycle by capturing rainfall, recharging groundwater, and preventing floods and soil erosion.

Forests provide habitats for countless species, maintaining biodiversity that is essential for pollination, pest control, and ecosystem balance. Many medicines, food items, and natural materials like wood, rubber, fruits, and honey come directly from forests.

In addition to environmental benefits, forests offer cultural and recreational value. Many communities depend on them for livelihoods, and they hold spiritual and historical significance for indigenous peoples around the world.

Economically, forests support industries like timber, paper, and eco-tourism. They also act as carbon sinks, absorbing greenhouse gases and reducing the effects of climate change.

In simple words, forests give us clean air, clean water, food, shelter, and climate stability — making them one of Earth’s most important life-support systems.