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Q.

What happens to resistance if the diameter of the wire becomes half?


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a

Increases 4 times

b

Increases 2 times

c

Increases 6 times

d

None  

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

The resistance increases four times if the diameter of the wire becomes half.
When we modify the area of the cross-section of a wire, its length varies while its volume remains constant. Let A and L be the initial cross-sectional area and length of the wire and R be the resistance of a wire. Then the resistance of the wire can be calculated by using a formula.
 R=ρ L A  ………………………… (i)
Now if  the cross-sectional area of the wire is half, then the volume of wire =AL
V=A2×L'   [L'=represents the new length; V= volume of wire]
Given, L'=2L
So, new resistance R' will become
R'=ρL'2A
R'=ρ2LA2
R'=ρ2L×2A
R'=4ρLA ………………… (ii)
On comparing equation (i) and (ii) we get,
R'=4 R
  

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