What is a dog's primary special sense?

The sense of smell is the detecting dog's most crucial attribute. In the nasal cavity, olfactory receptors are mostly found on the ethmoturbinates. Another odor-detection site is the vomeronasal organ, which picks up chemical signals that trigger behavioural and/or physiological changes. Recent developments in the biology of olfaction point to genetic modifications as well as the particular architecture and airflow of the canine nose as the causes of the species' macrosmia. Olfaction is altered by inflammation, changes in blood flow and hydration, and systemic disorders, which may affect how well detection dogs operate. The possible effects of drugs on human olfaction are well documented in the scientific literature, but only steroids, antibiotics, and anaesthetic medications have been investigated in canines.