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What is an addition reaction? Give an example.

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Detailed Solution

An addition reaction is a chemical reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product without the loss of any atoms.

In an addition reaction, molecules add across a double or triple bond.
It mainly occurs in unsaturated compounds such as alkenes and alkynes.
The reaction converts an unsaturated compound into a saturated one.

Example

Ethene + Hydrogen → Ethane

C₂H₄ + H₂ → C₂H₆

This is called hydrogenation.
It is used in making vegetable ghee from vegetable oil.

Other Types of Addition Reactions

Type	Reactants	Example
Hydrogenation	Hydrogen adds to double bond	Ethene + H₂ → Ethane
Halogenation	Halogen adds to double bond	Ethene + Br₂ → 1,2-dibromoethane
Hydration	Water adds to double bond	Ethene + H₂O → Ethanol

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