What is Biodiversity Class 10?

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Detailed Solution

Biodiversity means the variety of living organisms like plants, animals, and microorganisms found in a particular area or on Earth. Biodiversity includes all types of life, from the smallest bacteria to large animals. It also includes ecosystems like forests, oceans, deserts, and rivers where these organisms live and interact.

Types of Biodiversity:

Genetic Diversity: Variety in genes of one species (e.g., different breeds of dogs)
Species Diversity: Different kinds of species in an area
Ecosystem Diversity: Different habitats like forests, rivers, and wetlands

Importance of Biodiversity:

Maintains ecological balance
Provides food, medicine, and raw materials
Supports oxygen and water cycles
Helps in soil formation and pollination

Threats to Biodiversity:

Deforestation
Pollution
Climate change
Hunting and poaching

Conservation of Biodiversity:

Method	Description
In-situ	Protecting species in their natural habitat (e.g., national parks)
Ex-situ	Protecting species outside their natural habitat (e.g., zoos, seed banks)

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