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What is Homologous Series Class 10?

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Detailed Solution

Homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and similar chemical properties, but differing by a CH2 group in their molecular formula. All compounds in a homologous series follow a pattern. Each next compound has one carbon and two hydrogen atoms more than the previous one.

Characteristics of a Homologous Series:

  • Same functional group (e.g., -OH, -COOH)
  • Same general formula
  • Gradual change in physical properties like boiling point
  • Similar chemical properties

Example: Alcohols

NameMolecular Formula
MethanolCH3OH
EthanolC2H5OH
PropanolC3H7OH

Importance of Homologous Series:

  • Helps in systematic study of organic compounds
  • Makes it easy to predict properties of compounds
  • Shows gradual change in melting and boiling points
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