Q.

What is methane? Draw its electron dot structure. Name the type of bonds formed in this compound. Why are such compounds: 

(i) poor conductors of electricity? And 

(ii) have low melting and boiling points? What happens when this compound burns in oxygen?

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Detailed Solution

CH4 is the molecular formula of methane. Methane is a saturated hydrocarbon. It is a 4 colorless and odourless gas. Electron dot structure:

Question Image

Type of bond:
The single carbon atom in the molecule's center and the four hydrogen atoms are connected by covalent bonds.
Structure of methane:
(i) Conductivity of methane-
Methane is a poor electrical conductor. All of the bonds in methane are covalent. Hence the molecule has no free electrons that may aid in electrical conductivity.
(ii) Melting and boiling point of methane:
Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points due to the molecules' low intermolecular forces of attraction. Methane has a relatively low melting and boiling point since it is also a covalent compound.
Burning of methane in oxygen:

Methane produces carbon dioxide CO2 and water H2O as a byproduct of burning when exposed to oxygen. The reaction is as follows:

CH4+O2CO2+H2O

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