What is mountaineering and what equipment is needed for it?

Mountaineering is the sport or activity of climbing mountains, combining physical fitness, technical skills, and knowledge of nature. It involves trekking, rock climbing, and ice climbing depending on the terrain. Essential equipment includes climbing ropes, harnesses, crampons, helmets, ice axes, carabiners, and mountaineering boots. Layered clothing for cold weather, tents, sleeping bags, and navigation tools like maps or GPS are also critical. Safety gear such as avalanche beacons and first aid kits are mandatory for high-altitude climbs. Mountaineering is a test of endurance and spirit, offering breathtaking views and a sense of achievement when reaching challenging peaks.