What is NADP and NADPH?

NADP stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate. It is a coenzyme found in all living cells and plays a crucial role in metabolism, particularly in anabolic reactions such as photosynthesis and lipid synthesis.

NADPH is the reduced form of NADP. During metabolic reactions, NADP+ accepts electrons and a hydrogen ion to become NADPH, which then acts as a reducing agent, donating electrons for biosynthetic processes.

Roles in Biology:

• Photosynthesis: In plants, NADP+ is reduced to NADPH during the light-dependent reactions. NADPH then provides the reducing power needed to convert carbon dioxide into glucose in the Calvin cycle.

• Biosynthesis: NADPH supplies the necessary electrons for the synthesis of fatty acids, cholesterol, and nucleotides.

• Antioxidant Defense: NADPH is involved in regenerating glutathione, a key antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage.

In summary, NADP/NADPH are essential molecules in energy transfer and biosynthetic processes, underpinning vital cellular functions.