PCT stands for Proximal Convoluted Tubule, a part of the nephron in the kidney that reabsorbs water, glucose, amino acids, and essential ions from the filtrate. The human excretory system is responsible for removing waste and maintaining water and salt balance. The kidney is the main organ of this system, and it is made up of tiny units called nephrons. Each nephron has different parts, and one of the most important is the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT).Structure of PCTPCT is located after Bowman’s capsule in the nephron.It is a long, coiled tube with a brush border of microvilli.This structure increases surface area for reabsorption.Functions of PCTReabsorption of Glucose and Amino Acids: Nearly all glucose and amino acids in the filtrate are reabsorbed here.Reabsorption of Water: About 65–70% of water from filtrate is absorbed in PCT.Reabsorption of Ions: Sodium, chloride, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are absorbed to maintain electrolyte balance.Maintains pH: By absorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions, PCT helps regulate blood pH.Importance of PCTWithout PCT, the body would lose essential nutrients and water through urine. It ensures that only waste and excess water pass on to later parts of the nephron.

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What is PCT?

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Detailed Solution

PCT stands for Proximal Convoluted Tubule, a part of the nephron in the kidney that reabsorbs water, glucose, amino acids, and essential ions from the filtrate. The human excretory system is responsible for removing waste and maintaining water and salt balance. The kidney is the main organ of this system, and it is made up of tiny units called nephrons. Each nephron has different parts, and one of the most important is the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT).

Structure of PCT

PCT is located after Bowman’s capsule in the nephron.
It is a long, coiled tube with a brush border of microvilli.
This structure increases surface area for reabsorption.

Functions of PCT

Reabsorption of Glucose and Amino Acids: Nearly all glucose and amino acids in the filtrate are reabsorbed here.
Reabsorption of Water: About 65–70% of water from filtrate is absorbed in PCT.
Reabsorption of Ions: Sodium, chloride, potassium, and bicarbonate ions are absorbed to maintain electrolyte balance.
Maintains pH: By absorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions, PCT helps regulate blood pH.

Importance of PCT

Without PCT, the body would lose essential nutrients and water through urine. It ensures that only waste and excess water pass on to later parts of the nephron.

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