What is sclerenchyma?

Sclerenchyma is a type of plant tissue made up of cells with thick, lignified walls that provide strength and support to plants.

Structure

• Cells have very thick secondary cell walls filled with lignin.
• They are usually dead at maturity.
• They have very small or no cell lumen (interior space).

Types of Sclerenchyma

1. Fibres: Long, narrow cells that provide mechanical strength. Example: jute fibres.
2. Sclereids: Short, irregular cells that make tissues hard. Example: gritty texture in pear fruit.

Functions

• Provides rigidity and strength to stems and leaves.
• Protects seeds and nuts with hard coverings.
• Helps plants withstand bending and mechanical stress.

Examples in Plants

• Fibres in coconut husk.
• Sclereids in pear fruit.
• Seed coats of nuts.