What is step farming?

Step farming is a method of farming done on hills or mountains. In this method, the slopes of hills are cut into flat steps, which look like stairs. Each step has a flat piece of land where crops can be grown.

This method is also called terrace farming. It is common in hilly areas like Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and parts of the North-East in India.

1. To stop soil erosion – The steps slow down the flow of rainwater and stop soil from being washed away.
2. To save water – Water collects in each step and helps the crops grow.
3. To make farming possible in hills – Slopes are difficult to farm on, but flat steps make it easier to sow seeds and harvest crops.

Rice, maize, tea, and other crops are often grown using this method in hilly areas.