What is the 23^rd element on the periodic table? What does 23 stand for?

The periodic table has the elements listed in increasing order of their atomic numbers. A transition metal that is hard and silvery-grey is the 23rd element. It is an extremely uncommon d-block element. As a catalyst for the process, its pentoxide is employed to create sulfuric acid.

Mendeleev, who created the first periodic table, made an early attempt to categorise elements. His suggestion, however, was based on the atomic weights of the elements, and it was eventually superseded by Henry Mosley's more accurate and precise version of the periodic table. The current periodic table is founded on the idea that an element's periodic qualities are determined by its atomic numbers, not its atomic weights.

As a result, the elements are listed in the periodic table in ascending order of their atomic numbers. A picture of a contemporary periodic table is shown below. It has 7 horizontal periods and 18 vertical groupings.

According to the periodic table, vanadium, denoted by the letter "V," is the 23rd element. Although this transition metal is seldom encountered in nature, once artificially isolated, the growth of an oxide layer stabilises the free metal against oxidation.
The atomic number of each element is shown in this table above the elemental symbol. Since atoms are neutral, the number of protons in the nucleus of each one of their atoms equals the number of electrons, giving each element its atomic number.

Here, the 23^rd element on the periodic table is Vanadium, and 23 indicates the atomic number or number of protons of the Vanadium atom.

Hence option (C) is correct.