What is the correct order of reactivity of alcohols in the following reaction
$R - OH + HCl \overset{{ZnCl}_{2}}{⟶} R - Cl + H_{2} O$

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$1^{0} < 2^{0} > 3^{0}$

$3^{0} > 2^{0} > 1^{0}$

$1^{0} > 2^{0} > 3^{0}$

$3^{0} > 1^{0} > 2^{0}$

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Lucas reagent is a mixture of conc HCl and anhydrous zinc chloride. Tertiary alcohol, reacts most readily with Lucas reagent.
The reactivity of alcohols towards Lucas reagent follows the order: tertiary > secondary > primary.

When a tertiary alcohol, reacts with Lucas reagent, an oily layer (turbidity) is formed at once in cold.
When a secondary alcohol, reacts with Lucas reagent, a precipitate is formed after 5 to 10 minutes.
When a primary alcohol, is treated with Lucas reagent, no reaction is observed in cold conditions.

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