What is the formula of urea? What is the chemical formula of urea

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Urea is an organic compound with the chemical formula CO(NH₂)₂. It's one of the most important nitrogen-containing compounds in chemistry and biology, serving as a key component in fertilizers and metabolic processes. This comprehensive guide provides all essential formulas related to urea that students need for their chemistry studies.Formula TypeFormula/EquationExplanation & ApplicationsCategoryChemical FormulaCO(NH₂)₂The basic chemical formula showing urea contains 1 carbon, 1 oxygen, 2 nitrogen, and 4 hydrogen atoms. This is the most commonly used representation.BasicMolecular FormulaCH₄N₂OAlternative molecular formula representation showing the total number of each type of atom: 1 carbon, 4 hydrogen, 2 nitrogen, 1 oxygen.BasicEmpirical FormulaCH₄N₂OSame as molecular formula since urea cannot be reduced to simpler whole number ratios.BasicMolecular Mass60.06 g/molCalculated as: C(12.01) + 4H(1.008) + 2N(14.007) + O(15.999) = 60.06 g/molCalculationMolecular Mass Calculation12.01 + 4(1.008) + 2(14.007) + 15.999 = 60.06Step-by-step calculation using atomic masses from the periodic table.CalculationPercentage Composition (Carbon)(12.01/60.06) × 100 = 20.00%Percentage of carbon by mass in urea molecule.CalculationPercentage Composition (Hydrogen)(4.032/60.06) × 100 = 6.71%Percentage of hydrogen by mass in urea molecule.CalculationPercentage Composition (Nitrogen)(28.014/60.06) × 100 = 46.65%Percentage of nitrogen by mass in urea molecule. High nitrogen content makes urea valuable as a fertilizer.CalculationPercentage Composition (Oxygen)(15.999/60.06) × 100 = 26.64%Percentage of oxygen by mass in urea molecule.CalculationSynthesis Reaction2NH₃ + CO₂ → CO(NH₂)₂ + H₂OIndustrial synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide (Bosch-Meiser urea process).ReactionHydrolysis ReactionCO(NH₂)₂ + H₂O → 2NH₃ + CO₂Decomposition of urea in water, catalyzed by urease enzyme in biological systems.ReactionCombustion ReactionCO(NH₂)₂ + 3/2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + N₂Complete combustion of urea in oxygen.ReactionMolarity FormulaM = n/V = (mass in g)/(60.06 × V in L)Formula to calculate molarity of urea solutions, where 60.06 is the molar mass of urea.CalculationNumber of Molesn = mass(g)/60.06(g/mol)Formula to calculate number of moles from given mass of urea.CalculationDensity Formulaρ = 1.335 g/cm³ (at 20°C)Standard density of solid urea at room temperature.Physical PropertySolubility119.3 g/100 mL H₂O (at 25°C)Solubility of urea in water at standard temperature.Physical PropertyMelting Point132-135°CTemperature range at which solid urea melts under standard pressure.Physical Property

What is the formula of urea? What is the chemical formula of urea

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Formula Type	Formula/Equation	Explanation & Applications	Category
Chemical Formula	CO(NH₂)₂	The basic chemical formula showing urea contains 1 carbon, 1 oxygen, 2 nitrogen, and 4 hydrogen atoms. This is the most commonly used representation.	Basic
Molecular Formula	CH₄N₂O	Alternative molecular formula representation showing the total number of each type of atom: 1 carbon, 4 hydrogen, 2 nitrogen, 1 oxygen.	Basic
Empirical Formula	CH₄N₂O	Same as molecular formula since urea cannot be reduced to simpler whole number ratios.	Basic
Molecular Mass	60.06 g/mol	Calculated as: C(12.01) + 4H(1.008) + 2N(14.007) + O(15.999) = 60.06 g/mol	Calculation
Molecular Mass Calculation	12.01 + 4(1.008) + 2(14.007) + 15.999 = 60.06	Step-by-step calculation using atomic masses from the periodic table.	Calculation
Percentage Composition (Carbon)	(12.01/60.06) × 100 = 20.00%	Percentage of carbon by mass in urea molecule.	Calculation
Percentage Composition (Hydrogen)	(4.032/60.06) × 100 = 6.71%	Percentage of hydrogen by mass in urea molecule.	Calculation
Percentage Composition (Nitrogen)	(28.014/60.06) × 100 = 46.65%	Percentage of nitrogen by mass in urea molecule. High nitrogen content makes urea valuable as a fertilizer.	Calculation
Percentage Composition (Oxygen)	(15.999/60.06) × 100 = 26.64%	Percentage of oxygen by mass in urea molecule.	Calculation
Synthesis Reaction	2NH₃ + CO₂ → CO(NH₂)₂ + H₂O	Industrial synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide (Bosch-Meiser urea process).	Reaction
Hydrolysis Reaction	CO(NH₂)₂ + H₂O → 2NH₃ + CO₂	Decomposition of urea in water, catalyzed by urease enzyme in biological systems.	Reaction
Combustion Reaction	CO(NH₂)₂ + 3/2 O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O + N₂	Complete combustion of urea in oxygen.	Reaction
Molarity Formula	M = n/V = (mass in g)/(60.06 × V in L)	Formula to calculate molarity of urea solutions, where 60.06 is the molar mass of urea.	Calculation
Number of Moles	n = mass(g)/60.06(g/mol)	Formula to calculate number of moles from given mass of urea.	Calculation
Density Formula	ρ = 1.335 g/cm³ (at 20°C)	Standard density of solid urea at room temperature.	Physical Property
Solubility	119.3 g/100 mL H₂O (at 25°C)	Solubility of urea in water at standard temperature.	Physical Property
Melting Point	132-135°C	Temperature range at which solid urea melts under standard pressure.	Physical Property