What is the key insight of Darwin’s theory of natural selection?

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Allele frequencies in a population are stable and are constant from generation to generation.

Heritable variations that enhance resource utilisation lead to reproductive success.

Speciation is caused by large and random changes called mutations.

Evolution is driven by the use and disuse of organs.

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals with heritable traits that help enhance resource utilisation in their environment are more likely to survive and leave more offspring, passing these advantageous traits to their offspring. Over generations, these beneficial variations become more common in the population, leading to gradual changes in its overall characteristics and, potentially, the emergence of new species.

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