What is the meaning of turgid in biology?

In biology, “turgid” means a cell is swollen and firm because it is full of water. Turgidity happens when water enters a plant cell by osmosis. Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high concentration to low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane. In plant cells, when water flows inside, it fills the vacuole, and the cell membrane presses tightly against the cell wall. This pressure is called turgor pressure. The higher the turgor pressure, the more rigid and upright the plant cell becomes.

Why turgidity is important in plants

• Support: Turgid cells keep stems and leaves firm and upright.
• Growth: Turgor pressure helps in cell enlargement and growth.
• Movement: Opening and closing of stomata depend on guard cells becoming turgid or flaccid.
• Transport: Maintains flow of water and nutrients in tissues.

Comparison of turgid vs flaccid cells

In short, “turgid” means a healthy, firm condition of plant cells, which allows plants to stand tall and function properly. Without turgidity, plants wilt and cannot survive long.