What is the name of the protein shell that surrounds the genetic material of a virus?

The protein shell that surrounds the genetic material of a virus is called the capsid. It is composed of individual protein molecules called capsomeres that self-assemble to form the overall structure of the capsid. Some viruses also have an additional layer called an envelope, which is derived from the host cell membrane and contains viral proteins called spikes. The combination of the capsid and envelope, if present, is known as the nucleocapsid. The capsid protects the viral genetic material and helps the virus evade the host's immune system, while the envelope allows the virus to enter and exit host cells.